Part 1 - Second-hand Cars
Exercise 1 – Definition Matching
Match each word with its correct definition (A – J).
Match each word with its correct definition (A – J).
A. The level between the lowest and highest costs of an item
B. A type of car that changes gears without manual input
C. A promotional notice or message for a product or service
D. The act of trying out a vehicle before deciding to buy it
E. Documents used to verify who someone is
F. An older type of car that requires the driver to change gears manually
G. The condition of being protected from harm or danger
H. The rubber parts that fit around a vehicle’s wheels
I. A specific version or design of a vehicle
J. Buses, trains, and other shared transport systems
1. Advert (quảng cáo)
2. Price range (mức giá)
3. Model (mẫu xe)
4. Automatic (xe số tự động)
5. Manual (xe số tay)
6. Tires (lốp xe)
7. Safety (an toàn)
8. Public transport (phương tiện công cộng)
9. Identification (giấy tờ tùy thân)
10. Test drive (lái thử)
Exercise 2 – Sentence Completion
Complete the sentences using the words from the box below.
Complete the sentences using the words from the box below.
Vocabulary List:
Second-hand
Condition
State-of-the-art
Slightly
On the big side
Previous owner
Replace
Possibility
Take a look
Open seven days a week
1.
The technician said there’s a that the broken part can be fixed without needing to replace the whole machine.
2.
This phone is but it still works perfectly.
3.
Would you like to at a few models before making a decision?
4.
The shop is , so you can visit any day that suits you.
5.
Despite being used, the laptop is still in good .
6.
The sofa is in great shape, but it’s a bit for our small living room.
7.
We may need to the battery because it no longer holds a charge.
8.
He bought the car from a who had only used it for short trips.
9.
This computer is and features the latest processing technology.
10.
The jacket fits, but it’s too tight around the shoulders.
Exercise 3 – Paraphrasing
Match each original sentence (1 – 10) with its paraphrased equivalent (A – J).
Match each original sentence (1 – 10) with its paraphrased equivalent (A – J).
1. The woman heard about the car sale on the radio.
2. She wants to spend around $4,000 but not more than $4,300.
3. She prefers a car that is not black because dark colors can get too hot in summer.
4. The Noda has a new stereo system, but one of its lights needs fixing.
5. The Comina is a bit too large for the woman’s preference.
6. The Telsta is an automatic, which she finds easier to drive.
7. The Brada is the newest car within her budget, as it has only had one owner for eight years.
8. She plans to visit the dealership on Thursday morning at 9:30 AM.
9. She will bring her dad, who is knowledgeable about cars, and they will come by car.
10. She needs to bring identification if she wants to test drive a car.
A. The woman dislikes black cars because they tend to overheat in warm weather.
B. She needs to have ID with her to be allowed to try out a car on the road.
C. She learned about the discounted cars from a radio advertisement.
D. The Brada is relatively new and has only had a single owner for less than a decade.
E. Her budget is approximately $4,000, but she won’t go over $4,300.
F. The Telsta is not a manual vehicle, making it simpler for her to operate.
G. Since she isn’t very fond of large vehicles, the Comina is not an ideal choice.
H. She will arrive on Thursday at half past nine in the morning.
I. She will be accompanied by her father, who understands cars well, and they will drive there.
J. A modern stereo has been installed in the Noda, but a damaged light still needs to be repaired.
Part 2 - The Middletown Urban Farming Scheme (MUFS)
Exercise 1 – Definition Matching
Match each word with its correct definition (A – J).
Match each word with its correct definition (A – J).
A. Areas of land not currently being used for any purpose
B. A healthy and balanced way of eating
C. Farming activities carried out within a city or town
D. Organic material used to fertilize soil naturally
E. People who are not professionally trained in a specific activity
F. People who plan the development of urban spaces
G. Small young plants grown from seeds
H. Older members of the population, typically retired
I. Small containers placed on windows for growing plants
J. Places where local people can meet for activities and services
1. Urban farming (nông nghiệp đô thị)
2. Town planners (nhà quy hoạch đô thị)
3. Idle land (đất bỏ hoang)
4. Community centers (trung tâm cộng đồng)
5. Senior citizens (người cao tuổi)
6. Amateurs (người không chuyên)
7. Window boxes (hộp trồng cây cửa sổ)
8. Compost (phân hữu cơ)
9. Seedlings (cây con)
10. Sensible diet (chế độ ăn hợp lý)
Exercise 2 – Sentence Completion
Complete the sentences using the words from the box below.
Complete the sentences using the words from the box below.
Vocabulary List:
City dwellers
Vacant land
Utilization
Eco-friendly
CO2 emissions
Dedicated gardeners
Hands-on suggestions
Physically disabled
Gardening tools
Conscious of
1.
The organization is trying to reduce by promoting greener transportation.
2.
Many transformed unused lots into beautiful community gardens.
3.
This plot of was turned into a thriving vegetable garden.
4.
Community gardens offer that people can apply at home.
5.
These solar-powered systems are more than traditional ones.
6.
He’s very his health and avoids fast food.
7.
Raised beds and wide paths make the garden accessible for the .
8.
The city council promotes the better of green spaces.
9.
Most live in apartments and rarely have access to green areas.
10.
They donated gloves, shovels, and other to the local school.
Exercise 3 – Paraphrasing
Match each original sentence (1 – 10) with its paraphrased equivalent (A – J).
Match each original sentence (1 – 10) with its paraphrased equivalent (A – J).
1. MUFS was started by local businesspeople, not academics.
2. The original goal of MUFS was to make use of unused city land, not environmental concerns.
3. Schools and businesses have joined MUFS, but community centres have been slower to join.
4. MUFS committee members are enthusiastic amateur gardeners who offer practical advice.
5. MUFS plans to loan adapted tools to disabled members, but currently only offers free containers.
6. School gardening projects have not lowered lunch costs but have improved student attitudes.
7. The city hospital offers cooking classes for MUFS members to use vegetables in meals.
8. A local greenhouse is made available to help members grow plants from seeds in winter.
9. The university helps by testing soil and recommending suitable plants and nutrients.
10. A supermarket provides health and diet classes to encourage healthy eating.
A. Volunteers from MUFS may not be plant experts, but they can give useful gardening advice based on experience.
B. A supermarket runs healthy eating classes to promote good nutrition among urban farmers.
C. Businesspeople and schools joined MUFS quickly, but outreach to senior centres still needs work.
D. MUFS began as an initiative by local entrepreneurs rather than academics or environmentalists.
E. The scheme was originally meant to use vacant land, with environmental benefits being a later realisation.
F. The greenhouse used by the parks department in winter is now open for MUFS members to start growing their plants.
G. The hospital kitchen manager teaches MUFS members how to cook with home-grown vegetables.
H. One of the ways MUFS supports people with disabilities is by offering free containers, although soil must be provided by the members.
I. Soil testing offered by the university helps members choose suitable crops and nutrients.
J. Though students don’t get cheaper meals, schools say MUFS has made them care more about their environment.
Part 3 - Research on Walking and Creativity
Exercise 1 – Definition Matching
Match each word with its correct definition (A – J).
Match each word with its correct definition (A – J).
A. The bones and framework that support a body
B. Shoes, boots, or any items worn on the feet
C. The ability to generate original ideas or think imaginatively
D. Tests where all variables are controlled to ensure accurate results
E. The action of taking part in a study, activity, or event
F. Soft inserts placed inside shoes for comfort or support
G. Carefully designed scientific procedures to test hypotheses
H. A person's ability to see
I. Points in the body where two bones are connected
J. The height of a location above sea level
1. Creativity (sự sáng tạo)
2. Participants (người tham gia)
3. Experiments (thí nghiệm)
4. Controlled test (bài kiểm tra có kiểm soát)
5. Footwear (giày dép)
6. Inner soles (đế trong giày)
7. Joints (khớp xương)
8. Skeletal structure (cấu trúc xương)
9. Altitude (độ cao)
10. Vision (thị lực)
Exercise 2 – Sentence Completion
Complete the sentences using the words from the box below.
Complete the sentences using the words from the box below.
Vocabulary List:
Compare
Unusual uses
Time limit
Focused thinking
Fair (experiment)
Conclusion
Advantage
Evidence
Method
Natural rhythm
1.
During the experiment, we ensured that every participant had the same conditions to keep it .
2.
He reached the wrong because he misinterpreted the data.
3.
The scientist collected to support her hypothesis.
4.
This encourages creative problem solving under pressure.
5.
Giving students a strict helped them stay on task.
6.
Waking up with the sun feels better because it aligns with your .
7.
The tutor explained the step by step so everyone could understand.
8.
One clear of the new software is its speed.
9.
We were asked to two different problem-solving strategies.
10.
The product designer explored for household tools in her project.
Exercise 3 – Paraphrasing
Match each original sentence (1 – 10) with its paraphrased equivalent (A – J).
Match each original sentence (1 – 10) with its paraphrased equivalent (A – J).
1. Researchers tested creativity by comparing walking with sitting in different environments.
2. They didn’t compare walking with other exercises like running.
3. One experiment asked participants to suggest original uses for everyday items.
4. Another experiment involved comparing words in imaginative ways.
5. Daniel questioned the fairness of some experiments, believing language students had an advantage.
6. An experiment on focused thinking concluded that walking doesn’t help with that.
7. Katie thought it was risky to make strong claims without enough supporting evidence.
8. Shoes with proper insoles were found to strengthen joints and bones.
9. Walking in the mountains is believed to improve vision.
10. For older adults, walking helped regulate their internal body clocks.
A. One test measured creativity by asking participants to connect unrelated words in unique ways.
B. Some studies involved people sitting either inside or outdoors, and their ideas were compared with those generated while walking.
C. Katie thought researchers shouldn’t jump to conclusions without having enough data.
D. It was discovered that people’s posture and skeletal health improved when they wore shoes with better support.
E. The researchers never actually studied the effects of walking compared to physical activities like jogging.
F. The researchers concluded that walking doesn’t really aid in concentrating or narrowing your thoughts.
G. Daniel believed people with linguistic backgrounds might perform better, making some experiments unfair.
H. There was a task in which participants had to think of creative functions for common objects.
I. Daniel said walking in high-altitude areas helped enhance people’s eyesight.
J. It was found that walking helped older individuals maintain regular sleep and wake cycles.
Part 4 - Gamification in Business
Exercise 1 – Definition Matching
Match each word with its correct definition (A – J).
Match each word with its correct definition (A – J).
A. Systems that give people rewards to motivate behavior
B. A method of turning activities into games to increase engagement
C. Devices that replicate real-life experiences for training or practice
D. People who travel to work every day
E. Immediate response or reaction to someone’s action
F. Physical systems or principles behind how something works
G. Moving stairs used to transport people between floors
H. Laws created by a government
I. Small, precise movements usually involving hands and fingers
J. Flat surfaces that respond to touch for input
1. Gamification (trò chơi hóa)
2. Mechanics (cơ chế hoạt động)
3. Incentive schemes (chương trình khuyến khích)
4. Instantaneous feedback (phản hồi tức thì)
5. Simulators (thiết bị mô phỏng)
6. Commuters (người đi làm hằng ngày)
7. Escalator (thang cuốn)
8. Touch pads (bàn cảm ứng)
9. Fine motor skills (kỹ năng vận động tinh)
10. Legislation (luật pháp)
Exercise 2 – Sentence Completion
Complete the sentences using the words from the box below.
Complete the sentences using the words from the box below.
Vocabulary List:
Retain
Prolific
Feasible
Implementation
Motivational content
Encouragement
Trial
Reduction
Opt to
Privacy
1.
Before launching the new strategy company-wide, they ran a short to test its effectiveness.
2.
The of personal data remains a top concern for users when signing up for online platforms.
3.
The in production costs led to a higher profit margin this quarter.
4.
This solution sounds , but we need more data to confirm it will work at scale.
5.
Customers may out of receiving promotional emails to protect their data.
6.
Including in employee newsletters has been shown to boost morale.
7.
Loyal service and discounts can help businesses their customers.
8.
The of the new app requires collaboration between developers and marketers.
9.
His blog became after a few viral posts and now has thousands of subscribers.
10.
A simple word of can make a big difference in someone’s motivation.
Exercise 3 – Paraphrasing
Match each original sentence (1 – 10) with its paraphrased equivalent (A – J).
Match each original sentence (1 – 10) with its paraphrased equivalent (A – J).
1. Gamification uses game-like strategies in contexts outside of gaming, especially in business.
2. It appeals to people’s sense of competition by offering points, badges, or virtual rewards.
3. Loyalty schemes like frequent flyer programmes are early forms of gamification.
4. Technology has played a big role in the widespread use of gamification today.
5. It helps businesses get immediate feedback through social media.
6. Gamification can be used to encourage people to change behaviours in enjoyable ways.
7. In training, simulators are used when real-life practice isn’t possible.
8. A fitness app developed by the Australian government motivated people to exercise more.
9. A trial rewarded careful drivers through a lottery system, which reduced speeding.
10. A piano staircase motivated people to walk instead of taking the escalator.
A. People can give fast responses and feedback when businesses use gamified strategies on platforms like Facebook or Instagram.
B. The concept of awarding points or virtual prizes taps into our natural urge to compete.
C. Giving drivers rewards rather than fines led to safer behaviour on the road in one city’s test project.
D. Tech advancements have made it easier and more common for companies to use game methods in various areas.
E. Adding a fun element can help change people’s habits in ways they actually enjoy.
F. When real-world practice isn't an option, simulations—like those for pilots or city planning—can be used to safely teach new skills.
G. Using piano notes on steps, one transport station encouraged more people to take the stairs instead of standing on the escalator.
H. Even in the past, customer reward programs like airline miles worked on the same principles as modern gamification.
I. Government initiatives have used mobile apps to push citizens toward healthier lifestyles, such as getting them to move more.
J. The idea of using game mechanics in marketing or operations outside of games has become more mainstream in the business world.